The Basics of our setups include...
Stage 1, the input, this can be a microphone, instrument, computer, phone, or any other thing that outputs sound
Stage 2, the mixer, this is the thing that has all the knobs and buttons, it takes the inputs and outputs them to the next stage
Stage 3, the amplifier, Either its seperate from the speakers or built into the speakers, this is what takes the main output and makes it usable by the speaker
Stage 4, the speaker, this is where the audio comes out of to be heard, this can either be large ones for the crowd, small ones backstage, and even headphones
The different types of cables we use are...
XLR (microphone cable)
1/4 inch or guitar cable (used mainly for guitars and bass guitars)
SpeakOn (the wierd ones that push in and twist that go into our speakers)
DMX cable (looks similar to XLR but is used for stage lights and connecting to lighting controllers)
Power cables (you should know this one lol)
XLR, SpeakOn, and MIDI, we do not use MIDI